Full-scale Waste-to-Energy CCS in Norway

Oslo CCS Hafslund Celsio, WP2 Case Study Report

This short case study report presents the latest developments regarding the Hafslund Celsio
full-scale CCS project at their Klemetsrud WtE plant in Oslo, Norway. The project has been
initiated in 2015 and went through different stages of project realisation since then. The
purpose of this report is to present the different stages and challenges and to derive lessons
learnt of developing this kind of BECCS project.
Thereby the report builds on the presentations within the case study report by Becidan, M.
2021 as part of the BECCUS Inter-Task Project Phase I and tells the developments over the
past 4 years by presenting the events in a chronological order. This helps to understand what
it takes to implement first-of-its-kind BECCUS projects. The overall description of the concept
and involved technologies can be found in the Phase I report.
The first-of-its-kind full-scale CCS project at a WtE plant has progressed despite numerous
challenges, thanks to the commitment of those involved. Key lessons learnt include the
importance of perseverance, patience, and thorough evaluation. Infrastructure and
organizational needs are often underestimated. Especially the provision of electricity,
transport, the significant need for space (especially challenging in urban settings) and a
temporary storage at the harbour. Political or societal resistance may arise. Integrating new
systems into existing operations proves to be complex, and managing various levels of process
maturity is challenging. In the particular case on hand a bold cost-cutting phase helped to
revitalize the project. From the above it has to be noted that some of the challenges
encountered are not inherent to BECCUS projects however can apply in general when
developing a new project.

Link to the report: IEA-Bioenergy_Intertask_BECCUS_Phase2_Oslo_WtE_final report

This work is part of the Inter-Task Project (ITP) Management of biogenic CO2: BECCUS Phase 2 that addresses the following questions: Which technologies/concepts are (potentially) available? What are the requirements for the deployment of BECCUS? In a given situation should biogenic CO2 be sequestered, or utilised? How to monetise the carbon negative products that bioenergy can deliver? How is the GHG accounting for the different concepts? How to govern the different energy system services? This project, which comprises eight working packages, aims 1) to facilitate cross-Task, cross-TCP and cross-sector learning on bio-CCUS, 2) to shed light on (bio)energy system integration of bio-CCUS and 3) to address CO2 mitigation potential of bio-CCUS. It will allow for a more systemic consideration of how to take different BECCUS applications to deployment, thereby building upon, but going beyond, Phase 1. Collaboration is forseen with various IEA TCPs (IETS, GHG, ETSAP).

 8 out of 11 IEA Bioenergy Tasks participating. Task 40 (deployment), Task 32 (combustion), Task 33 (gasification), Task 34 (DTL), Task 36 (waste in a circular economy), Task 37 (biogas), Task 44 (flexibility) and Task 45 (sustainability).

More information about the  Inter-Task Project (ITP) Management of biogenic CO2: BECCUS Phase 2 and all the reports can be found here.